Orbital Floor Fracture Inferior Rectus Entrapment

In children they tend to be of the trapdoor type which can cause inferior rectus entrapment presenting clinically with limitation of upgaze nausea bradycardia and positive forced ductions.

Orbital floor fracture inferior rectus entrapment.

Fracture of the orbital floor also known as a blow out fracture can result in entrapment of the inferior rectus muscle limiting upward gaze. Blowout fracture of the orbital floor with entrapment caused by isolated trauma to the orbital rim. However we present a unique case of an inferior rectus muscle entrapment in a medial orbital wall fracture. The most common muscle to be entrapped by the fracture is the inferior rectus muscle.

Orbital floor fractures were investigated and described by mackenzie in paris in 1844 and the term blow out fracture was coined in 1957 by smith regan who were investigating injuries to the orbit and resultant inferior rectus entrapment by placing a hurling ball on cadaverous orbits and striking it with a mallet. Inferior floor medial wall lamina papyracea superior roof lateral wall. Fractures of the orbital floor are common. A blowout fracture of the orbital floor is defined as a fracture of the orbital floor in which the inferior orbital rim is intact.

Blowout fractures can occur through one or more of the orbital walls. Intervention within days for some orbital floor fractures. It is estimated that about 10 of all facial fractures are isolated orbital wall fractures the majority of these being the orbital floor and that 30 40 of. For example a fracture might be described as a pure inferior blowout fracture with likely entrapment of the inferior rectus muscle resulting in severely limited up gaze.

Orbital floor fractures often result from blunt trauma to the orbit. Rhee js kilde j yoganadan n pintar f. 3 the intermuscular septum may also be entrapped resulting in restriction. The most common entrapment is that of the inferior rectus muscle in a fractured floor.

They can be repaired without an implant in some. Inferior blowout fractures are the most common. Lateral to the orbital canal lies the superior orbital fissure housing cranial nerves iii iv v and vi. Orbital fat prolapses into the maxillary sinus and may be joined by prolapse of the inferior rectus muscle.